Coronary heart disease
Sources
Every numbered claim on the overview and article pages is listed here with the exact passage it rests on. 72 passages were checked word-for-word against the saved copies listed below.
Current evidence
- 1
Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States.
“Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States.”
NHLBI (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — What Is Coronary Heart Disease?Passage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 2
In coronary heart disease, fatty plaque builds up in the heart's arteries. It reduces blood flow and makes clots more likely.
“Plaque buildup reduces blood flow and makes it more likely that blood clots will form in the arteries.”
NHLBI (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — What Is Coronary Heart Disease?Passage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 3
Many people do not know they have it until they have chest pain, a heart attack, or cardiac arrest.
“But many people don't know they have the disease until they have chest pain; the blood flow to their heart is blocked, causing a heart attack; or their heart suddenly stops pumping blood, also known as cardiac arrest.”
NHLBI (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — What Is Coronary Heart Disease?Passage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 4
For most people it is preventable with a heart-healthy lifestyle and medicines, and plaque buildup may be stopped or even reversed.
“For most people, coronary heart disease is preventable with a heart-healthy lifestyle and medicines.”
“You may be able to stop or reverse plaque buildup in coronary arteries.”
NHLBI (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — What Is Coronary Heart Disease?Passage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 5
Treatment may include heart-healthy lifestyle changes, medicines, or procedures, to prevent a heart attack and other problems.
“If your healthcare provider diagnoses you with coronary heart disease, treatment may include heart-healthy lifestyle changes, medicines, or procedures to prevent a heart attack or other health problems.”
NHLBI (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — Coronary Heart Disease — TreatmentPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 6
Statins can help control high cholesterol and slow plaque buildup.
“can help control high blood cholesterol and slow plaque buildup.”
NHLBI (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — Coronary Heart Disease — TreatmentPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 7
After a heart attack or stroke, a provider may prescribe daily low-dose aspirin to help prevent another. Aspirin is not safe for people at high risk of bleeding.
“If you have had a heart attack or stroke, your healthcare provider may ask you to take a daily low dose of aspirin to help prevent another heart attack or stroke.”
“Aspirin is not safe for people who have a high risk of bleeding.”
NHLBI (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — Coronary Heart Disease — TreatmentPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 8
Nitrates such as nitroglycerin widen the heart's arteries and relieve or prevent angina (chest pain).
“Nitrates, such as nitroglycerin, dilate your coronary arteries and relieve or prevent angina (chest pain).”
NHLBI (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — Coronary Heart Disease — TreatmentPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 9
Angioplasty (PCI) opens narrowed or blocked heart arteries, often with a small mesh tube, a stent, to keep the artery open.
“opens coronary arteries that are narrowed or blocked by the buildup of plaque.”
“your healthcare provider may also implant a small mesh tube, or stent, in your artery to prevent it from narrowing again.”
NHLBI (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — Coronary Heart Disease — TreatmentPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 10
Bypass surgery (CABG) uses healthy blood vessels to route blood around blocked arteries. It is typically used for severe disease in several arteries.
“Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) improves blood flow to the heart by using healthy arteries from the chest wall and veins”
“Surgeons typically use CABG to treat people who have severe coronary artery disease in multiple coronary arteries.”
NHLBI (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — Coronary Heart Disease — TreatmentPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 11
Regular physical activity helps manage risk factors such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure and overweight. Smoking damages and tightens blood vessels.
“Routine physical activity can help manage coronary heart disease risk factors such as high blood cholesterol, high blood pressure, or overweight and obesity.”
“Smoking can damage and tighten your blood vessels.”
NHLBI (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — Coronary Heart Disease — TreatmentPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 12
Tell your provider about every medicine and every complementary approach you use.
“Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take and any complementary health strategies you use”
NHLBI (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — Coronary Heart Disease — TreatmentPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 13
NHLBI states that chelation therapy and multivitamins do not seem to stop plaque buildup or reduce complications of coronary heart disease.
“Multivitamins and chelation therapy do not seem to help stop plaque buildup or reduce complications of coronary heart disease.”
NHLBI (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — Coronary Heart Disease — TreatmentPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 14
EDTA chelation for coronary heart disease has not been approved by the FDA.
“The use of EDTA chelation for coronary heart disease has not been approved by the FDA.”
NCCIH (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — Chelation for Coronary Heart Disease: What You Need To KnowPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 15
TACT enrolled 1,708 people aged 50 or older who had had a heart attack. They were randomly assigned to 40 EDTA or placebo infusions, without knowing which they received.
“The 1,708 people who participated in TACT were age 50 or older and had had at least one heart attack.”
“They were randomly assigned to receive 40 treatments with EDTA or a placebo, plus either high-dose vitamins and minerals or placebo pills, and they did not know which treatment they were receiving.”
NCCIH (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — Chelation for Coronary Heart Disease: What You Need To KnowPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 16
In TACT, a cardiac event occurred in 26% of the chelation group and 30% of the placebo group. NIH said this was not, by itself, enough to support routine use.
“A cardiac event occurred in 222 (26 percent) of the chelation group and 261 (30 percent) of the placebo group.”
“These results are not, by themselves, sufficient to support the routine use of chelation as post-heart attack therapy.”
NCCIH (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — Questions and Answers: The NIH Trials of EDTA Chelation Therapy for Coronary Heart DiseasePassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 17
The benefit appeared only in people with diabetes, so a second trial, TACT2, tested whether that result could be repeated.
“However, further analysis showed that the beneficial effect occurred only in people with diabetes.”
“A second study, TACT2, was performed to see whether the results of TACT in people with diabetes and a history of heart attack could be replicated.”
NCCIH (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — Chelation for Coronary Heart Disease: What You Need To KnowPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 18
TACT2 ran from 2016 to 2023 and reported in 2024. Everyone in it was 50 or older, had diabetes, and had had a heart attack.
“TACT2 was conducted between 2016 and 2023, and results were reported in 2024.”
“All participants were age 50 or older, had diabetes, and had had a heart attack before joining the study.”
NCCIH (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — Chelation for Coronary Heart Disease: What You Need To KnowPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 19
In TACT2, cardiovascular events were almost identical: 35.6% with EDTA and 35.7% with placebo. NIH concludes the findings do not support chelation to reduce heart risk in this group.
“Cardiovascular events occurred in similar percentages of people in the EDTA group (35.6 percent) and the placebo group (35.7 percent).”
“Because TACT2 did not reproduce the results of TACT, its findings do not support the use of chelation to reduce cardiovascular risk in people with diabetes and a history of heart attack.”
NCCIH (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — Chelation for Coronary Heart Disease: What You Need To KnowPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 20
EDTA did remove lead from the blood, but it did not reduce heart events.
“EDTA chelation reduced lead levels but did not reduce cardiovascular events in this study.”
NCCIH (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — Chelation for Coronary Heart Disease: What You Need To KnowPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 21
The most important serious side effects of chelation are dangerously low blood calcium and kidney damage.
“The most important serious side effects are hypocalcemia (abnormally low blood calcium levels) and damage to the kidneys.”
NCCIH (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — Chelation for Coronary Heart Disease: What You Need To KnowPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 22
The FDA has warned people not to use chelation products sold for home use, such as supplements.
“The FDA has warned the public not to use chelation products that are sold for home use, such as dietary supplements, nasal sprays, or suppositories.”
NCCIH (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — Chelation for Coronary Heart Disease: What You Need To KnowPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 23
The FDA is concerned that relying on unproven chelation products can delay proven care for heart and blood vessel disease.
“FDA is concerned that patients will delay seeking proven, sometimes essential medical care, when relying on unproven OTC chelation products to treat serious conditions such as heart and blood vessel disease.”
U.S. Food and Drug Administration — Questions and Answers on Unapproved Chelation ProductsPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 24
U.S. federal regulation describes ozone as a toxic gas with no known useful medical application.
“Ozone is a toxic gas with no known useful medical application in specific, adjunctive, or preventive therapy.”
U.S. Code of Federal Regulations (21 CFR 801.415) — Maximum acceptable level of ozonePassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 25
The FDA says drinking MMS (chlorine dioxide) is the same as drinking bleach and can cause life-threatening low blood pressure.
“drinking MMS was the same as drinking bleach and could cause dangerous side effects, including severe vomiting, diarrhea, and life-threatening low blood pressure.”
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (Office of Criminal Investigations) — Leaders of “Genesis II Church of Health and Healing,” who sold toxic bleach as fake “miracle” cure, sentencedPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 26
The clinic's "HEART DISEASES" note states that heart disease is caused by "micro clot and micro plaques" and that angioplasty, bypass surgery and "blocker drugs" cannot treat it.
“HEART DISEASE ARE CAUSED BY MICRO CLOT AND MICRO PLAQUES.”
“ANGIO PLASTY, BYPASS SURGERY AND BLOCKER DRUGS CANNOT TREAT HEART DISEASE.”
Pakistan Institute of Medical Advancement (PIMA), Karachi — clinic document — "HEART DISEASES" note and "ED-JECT" EDTA product sheet (private clinic document; not online)Clinic document — quoted from ProperHealth’s transcription or translation of a scan; not independently verified
- 27
The same note lists the treatment: nutrients, deworming, EDTA, DMSO, ozone, chlorine dioxide and herbs.
“A SICK HEART WILL BE TREATED WITH NUTRIENTS, DEWORMING, EDTA, DMSO, OZONE, CHLORINE DIOXIDE, HERBS.”
Pakistan Institute of Medical Advancement (PIMA), Karachi — clinic document — "HEART DISEASES" note and "ED-JECT" EDTA product sheet (private clinic document; not online)Clinic document — quoted from ProperHealth’s transcription or translation of a scan; not independently verified
- 28
The Urdu brochure (in ProperHealth's translation) says chelation opens "any artery of the heart or of the body" within a few months and is useful for 77 diseases.
“Through it, any artery of the heart or of the body opens within a few months, blood pressure stays normal and sugar stays controlled.”
“this therapy is useful for 77 diseases.”
Pakistan Institute of Medical Advancement (PIMA), Karachi — clinic document — Urdu trifold brochure (quoted in ProperHealth's English translation) (private clinic document; not online)Clinic document — quoted from ProperHealth’s transcription or translation of a scan; not independently verified
- 29
An EDTA product sheet in the clinic's files ("ED-JECT") says EDTA removes plaque, and cites the first TACT trial's diabetes subgroup, in which cardiac events fell by 51%.
“Used in Chelation Therapy to remove atherosclerotic plaque buildup in arteries.”
“In the subgroup with diabetes (633 patients), the results were dramatic: the chelation-based strategy reduced cardiac events by 51% and reduced total mortality by 43%.”
Pakistan Institute of Medical Advancement (PIMA), Karachi — clinic document — "HEART DISEASES" note and "ED-JECT" EDTA product sheet (private clinic document; not online)Clinic document — quoted from ProperHealth’s transcription or translation of a scan; not independently verified
- 30
A clinic leaflet (brochure set, pages 7–8) promotes "Rotoplasminogen-Ec" (lumbrokinase), an earthworm enzyme, as "A Natural Tissue Plasminogen Activator" under the slogan "BYPASSING THE BYPASS", alongside chelation as a non-surgical way of reversing arteriosclerosis.
“BYPASSING THE BYPASS”
“A Natural Tissue Plasminogen Activator.”
“Chelation Therapy A Non surgical Treatment for Reversing Arterioslerosis, Improving Blocked Circulation And Slowing The Aging Process.”
Pakistan Institute of Medical Advancement (PIMA), Karachi — clinic document — Printed brochure set, 8 pages (pages cited individually) (private clinic document; not online)Clinic document — quoted from ProperHealth’s transcription or translation of a scan; not independently verified
- 31
The leaflet describes lumbrokinase as clot-dissolving and anti-platelet.
“Provides strong fibrinoltic, Thrombolytic & Anti-Platelet Activity”
Pakistan Institute of Medical Advancement (PIMA), Karachi — clinic document — Printed brochure set, 8 pages (pages cited individually) (private clinic document; not online)Clinic document — quoted from ProperHealth’s transcription or translation of a scan; not independently verified
- 32
The Urdu brochure states that many heart patients have recovered at the clinic without a bypass. It gives no records.
“And many heart patients have recovered without a bypass, including patients with hepatitis C, paralysis and asthma.”
Pakistan Institute of Medical Advancement (PIMA), Karachi — clinic document — Urdu trifold brochure (quoted in ProperHealth's English translation) (private clinic document; not online)Clinic document — quoted from ProperHealth’s transcription or translation of a scan; not independently verified
- 33
Chest pain, pressure or tightness lasting more than a few minutes, or spreading to the arm, jaw or back, with sweating or breathlessness: call 911.
“If you are having symptoms of a heart attack, you should call 911, even if you are not sure it is a heart attack.”
“Discomfort in the upper body. You may feel pain or discomfort in one or both arms, the back, shoulders, neck, jaw, or upper part of the stomach.”
“You may break out in a cold sweat.”
“It usually lasts more than a few minutes and may go away and come back.”
MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — Heart AttackPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 34
Sudden shortness of breath, fainting, or a racing or irregular heartbeat with chest pain or dizziness: call 911.
“Call 911 or the local emergency number if you have:”
“Loss of alertness (consciousness)”
“Chest pain”
“Shortness of breath”
“Dizziness or lightheadedness”
MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — Heart palpitationsPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 35
Sudden shortness of breath, fainting, or a racing or irregular heartbeat with chest pain or dizziness: call 911.
“Go to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if:”
“Breathing difficulty comes on suddenly or seriously interferes with your breathing and even talking”
MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — Breathing difficultyPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 36
New chest pain, or angina that is suddenly worse, comes with lighter activity, lasts longer than usual or happens at rest: call 911.
“Call 911 or the local emergency number if:”
“You know you have angina and your chest discomfort is suddenly more intense, brought on by lighter activity or lasts longer than usual.”
“Your angina symptoms occur while you are at rest.”
MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — Chest painPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 37
After a chelation infusion, little or no urine can signal kidney harm — contact your provider. Muscle cramps and tingling can be signs of low blood calcium, a known risk of chelation.
“One patient had hypocalcemia associated with muscle cramping that led to an emergency department visit.”
NCCIH (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — Questions and Answers: The NIH Trials of EDTA Chelation Therapy for Coronary Heart DiseasePassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 38
After a chelation infusion, little or no urine can signal kidney harm — contact your provider. Muscle cramps and tingling can be signs of low blood calcium, a known risk of chelation.
“FDA is also concerned that chelation can result in serious side effects such as dehydration, kidney failure, and death”
U.S. Food and Drug Administration — Questions and Answers on Unapproved Chelation ProductsPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 39
Anyone who has swallowed bleach or chlorine dioxide (the FDA calls it “a powerful bleach”): call Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222, or 911 if the person collapses, has a seizure or has trouble breathing.
“If you or someone you are with has an exposure, call the local emergency number (such as 911), or the local poison control center can be reached directly by calling the national toll-free Poison Help hotline (1-800-222-1222) from anywhere in the United States.”
MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — Sodium hypochlorite poisoningPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 40
Anyone who has swallowed bleach or chlorine dioxide (the FDA calls it “a powerful bleach”): call Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222, or 911 if the person collapses, has a seizure or has trouble breathing.
“became chlorine dioxide, a powerful bleach typically used for industrial water treatment or bleaching textiles, pulp, and paper.”
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (Office of Criminal Investigations) — Leaders of “Genesis II Church of Health and Healing,” who sold toxic bleach as fake “miracle” cure, sentencedPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 41
After a chelation infusion, little or no urine can signal kidney harm — contact your provider. Muscle cramps and tingling can be signs of low blood calcium, a known risk of chelation.
“Urination changes, such as little or no urine, excessive urination at night, or urination that stops completely”
“Contact your provider if your urine output slows or stops or you have other symptoms of acute kidney failure.”
MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — Acute kidney failurePassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 42
After a chelation infusion, little or no urine can signal kidney harm — contact your provider. Muscle cramps and tingling can be signs of low blood calcium, a known risk of chelation.
“Symptoms of low calcium levels may include:”
“Muscle cramps, spasms, or stiffness”
“Tingling in the lips, tongue, fingers, and feet”
MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — Calcium blood testPassage verified word-for-word in saved copy
- 43
Anyone who has swallowed bleach or chlorine dioxide (the FDA calls it “a powerful bleach”): call Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222, or 911 if the person collapses, has a seizure or has trouble breathing.
“Call a poison center at 1-800-222-1222 for expert guidance.”
“If the individual collapses, has a seizure, has trouble breathing, or can't be awakened: Call 911 IMMEDIATELY.”
America's Poison Centers (poison.org) — First aid: Act fast!Passage verified word-for-word in saved copy
Source documents
- NHLBI (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — What Is Coronary Heart Disease?
Saved 2026-10-20 · download · SHA-2568f759eca13241031… - NHLBI (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — Coronary Heart Disease — Treatment
Saved 2026-10-20 · download · SHA-25627ca5617641fae00… - NCCIH (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — Chelation for Coronary Heart Disease: What You Need To Know
Saved 2026-10-20 · download · SHA-25638616650274d8e8d… - NCCIH (U.S. National Institutes of Health) — Questions and Answers: The NIH Trials of EDTA Chelation Therapy for Coronary Heart Disease
Saved 2026-10-20 · download · SHA-256a7d0b2c12572aad4… - U.S. Food and Drug Administration — Questions and Answers on Unapproved Chelation Products
Saved 2026-10-20 · download · SHA-25615ddd183fd1a1b72… - U.S. Code of Federal Regulations (21 CFR 801.415) — Maximum acceptable level of ozone
Saved 2026-10-20 · download · SHA-25617fe520dd3656681… - U.S. Food and Drug Administration (Office of Criminal Investigations) — Leaders of “Genesis II Church of Health and Healing,” who sold toxic bleach as fake “miracle” cure, sentenced
Saved 2026-10-20 · download · SHA-256e1b04d77ab61fa54… - Pakistan Institute of Medical Advancement (PIMA), Karachi — clinic document — "HEART DISEASES" note and "ED-JECT" EDTA product sheet (private clinic document; not online)
Saved 2026-10-21 · text taken directly from the clinic's files (private archive) · SHA-256688a0a06c0030e8b… - Pakistan Institute of Medical Advancement (PIMA), Karachi — clinic document — Printed brochure set, 8 pages (pages cited individually) (private clinic document; not online)
Saved 2026-10-21 · ProperHealth transcription of a scanned clinic document (private archive); wording kept as printed · SHA-2560518db262b2bc902… - Pakistan Institute of Medical Advancement (PIMA), Karachi — clinic document — Urdu trifold brochure (quoted in ProperHealth's English translation) (private clinic document; not online)
Saved 2026-10-21 · ProperHealth translation from Urdu of a scanned clinic document (private archive) · SHA-2565f51c983239380d3… - MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — Heart Attack
Saved 2026-10-22 · download · SHA-256498273ec83a390ec… - MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — Heart palpitations
Saved 2026-10-22 · download · SHA-256946b38bdb87e906f… - MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — Breathing difficulty
Saved 2026-10-22 · download · SHA-256713f9d7c4a8372a1… - MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — Chest pain
Saved 2026-10-22 · download · SHA-256368b80496c551edb… - MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — Sodium hypochlorite poisoning
Saved 2026-10-21 · download · SHA-2564f33e12a0406007c… - MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — Acute kidney failure
Saved 2026-10-26 · download · SHA-25620085114e3106c7b… - MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — Calcium blood test
Saved 2026-10-26 · download · SHA-256c6e7ba02da73b1d5… - America's Poison Centers (poison.org) — First aid: Act fast!
Saved 2026-10-26 · download · SHA-2566d5d6a90743d282c…
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The 'When to get help now' list is ProperHealth safety wording. Each line cites the official guidance it follows, and those passages are listed above with the other claims. The wording still needs pharmacist sign-off before public use.